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(No Model) W. A. SMITH.

INGANDESUENT OIL BURNER. I No. 59 L439. Patented Nov. 30,1897.

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2 UNITED STATES PATENT FEICE.

WILLIAM A. SMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

INCANDESCENT OIL-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 594,439, dated November 30, 1897.

Application filed January 1897. fierial No. 619,308. (No model.)

My invention relates to improvements in central-draft burners of that kind in which the air for the central tube is received through an opening in the side of the burner; and it consists of certain improvements in construction whereby an increased amount of air may .be furnished both for the inner and outer draft.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a central vertical section through the burner and chimney. Fig. 2 is a section of the upper end of the burner, illustrating the manner of using a central support for the mantle. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section upon the line 3 3 of Fig. 1, and Fig.4 is an end View of the upper end of the wick-raising slide. Y

The lower end of the burner is provided with a burner-base A, which is threaded at its lower end, as shown at a, for screwing into thelamp-fount. Itisalsoprovidedwithsimilar threads at upon its upper end, upon which is screwed the upper portion of the burnercasing D. This burner-casing has'attached thereto and extending centrally upward therefrom the inner tube B, which forms the center-draft passage for the burner and the inner wall of the annular wick chamber. The lower end of this tube B is' connected by a side-extending passage P with the outer air. The walls 19 thereof meet at the top of this passage at an angle. The burner-casing D is formed with threads adapted to screw upon the threaded upper portion a of the burner-base. The burner-casing is provided with slots dor any other suitable openings, which admit the air into the interior of the casing. The casing surrounds the opening of the side-draft passage P, and the air for the inner tube passes through the perforations d in the casing D and then through the side-draft passage P to the inner tube B.

The upper portion of the inner tube B is surrounded byan outer tube 0, the space between these two tubes being just suflicien't to nicely receive the wick. The tube 0, a short .distance above the upper portion of the side= draft passage P, is enlarged, as shown at C.

, It is also provided with horizontal and vertical flanges, as shown at O 0 the flange C slipping over an upward vertical extension A upon the burner-casing A. This extension A is circular in outline and extends a short distance above the top of the side-draft passage P. The outer casing C may be readily removed from about the wick, leaving the entire upper end of the wick exposed, so that the wick may be readily applied about the inner tube and adjusted in position.

The adjustment of the wick is secured by means of a slide H, which at its upper end entirely surrounds the inner tube B and is providedwith notches or projecting spurs, as shown at h in Fig. 4, which spurs are adapted to engage the wick and hold the same securely. At each end this slide is cut away upon one side, so as not to interfere with the side-draft passage P. The lower endof this slide is connected to a rack-bar I, which extends upward through the center of the inner tube B. To accommodate this, a tube F, just large enough to contain the rack-bar, is attached centrally to the lower end B of the tube B. This tube}? is open at its lower end to receive the rack-bar.

Extending to one side from the tube F is a tube L, which contains and supports a shaft K, carrying at its inner end a pinion J, meshing with the rack-bar I, and at its outer end a hand-wheel L, by which the shaft is oper ated. The burner-casing D, which screws upon the upper end of the burner-base, has an inwardly-projecting flange D, which presses upon the horizontal flange 0 upon the lower end of the tube 0 and holds the same securely down upon the end of the cylinder A. The upper end of the casing D above the flange D flares outwardly and is provided with a ring D which is adapted to receive the removable cap carrying the chimney and mantle.

The cap E is provided witha ring adapted to slide Within the ring D upon the casing D. The ring on the cap D has a concave recess adapted to receive the points of the adjusting-screws R, which may be adjusted to hold the cap in place. The cap slopes inward to the base of the chimney and is provided with a ring E surrounding the base of the chimney, and fingers E extending upward therefrom and adapted to securely hold the chimney.

The casing D and the cap E are provided with perforations d and e, admitting air to the interior thereof and around the outer tube 0. The upper portion of the cap E is formed as a cone E, which is provided with a circular hole in its upper surface large enough to just pass over the wick IV. Just about the edge of this hole the cap is flared inwardly, so as to direct the air-draft upon the base of the flame.

To the base of the cone E is fixed a small block 6, which is threaded to receive a small set-screw 91. To the same block is attached a short tube N, which receives the lower end of a post or wire N, extending upward within the chimney and supporting the mantle O. The latter at its base closely surrounds the top of the cone E. y

The upper portion of the small tube F, which receives the rack-bar I, is supported from the inner tube B by means of narrow finsf. These do not furnish any material interruption to the passage of the air and firmly support the tube. In the upper end of this tube is placed a bar M, which carries the inner air-spreader M. This latter is formed as a small disk havingits under surface beveled, so as to deflect the air outwardly, and is placed at such a height that its upper surface is approximately on a level with the upper surface of the cone and cap E, and both so that they will deflect the air upon the base of the flame.

To further concentrate the draft and deflect it into proper relation with the flame, a ring B is placed upon the inner surface of the tube B, which ring first deflects the air i11- ward against the conical under surface of the spreader M.

In Fig. 2 the upper end of the spreader M is provided with a hole adapted to receive the lower end of a rod N which supports the mantle O. In this waythe mantle is given a central support if at any time desired. The outer support, as shown in Fig. 1, is, however, deemed preferable. The mantle 0 may be made of any material thought suitable for that purpose. The mantles nowin use for incandescent gas-lamps are found satisfactory.

In Fig. 3 the position of the wick while passing the side-draft passage and support for the inner tube is shown. That portion of the wick above the side-draft passage E will have the edges of the wick brought in contact. If desired, these edges may be stitched together above this point. This construction makes it possible to use an ordinary flat wick, and yet to obtain a circular blaze with a center draft. It also makes it possible to apply a center-draft burner to any ordinary lamp-fount without the necessity of extending the center-draft tube through the bottom of the fount, as is customary with such lamps. This burner may thus be made to take the place of ordinarylamp-burners. As the passage for the wick is enlarged just above the inside connection and air-passage I the wick has an opportunity to spread so as to pass the same. The manner of connecting the upper portion of the burner-basc or the casing D upon the lower portion A makes it possible to remove the upper portion of the burner and the outer tube C, so that the wick is very accessible without removing the burner from the lamp. This makes it very easy to place a new wick upon the lamp or to readjust the old wick. The wick maybe held in place by the fingers upon the inner tube, while the outer tube C is slipped over the same. This will make the placing of a new wick in the lamp and the readjusting of the old wick much easier than with the ordinary circular burner.

In lighting the lamp the cap It is removed, carrying with it the chimney and the mantle. The wick is turned up so that its upper end is a very little above the end of the tubes 1;

and C and is then lighted. The cap is then placed in position and the lamp permitted to burn for a short interval as so adjusted. After a short interval the wick is turned up until it reaches the position shown in the drawings, or slightly below the air-spreader M and the top of the cap E. At or about this point the .blaze will become blue in color and one of great heat, which will transform the mantle into an incandescent one,which gives a clear steady light. This blue flame is caused by the oil being transformed into a gas at the upperend of the wick, which gas is thoroughly mixed with air by reason of the action of the inner and outer spreaders or deflectors. This 'makes it possible to obtain a clear incandescent light similar to that given by a'gas flame and an incandescent mantle, and by the use only of ordinary illuminating-oil. This extends the field for incandescent lighting much beyond that possible where gas must be used. The chimney G is an ordinary glass chimney, such as commonly used for incandescent burners.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a lamp-burner, the combination of a hollow circular section screw-threaded upon the upper and lower ends and adapted to screw into the lamp-fount, having also a hollow cylinder of slightly-reduced diameter extending upward above the upper screw-threads and interrupted at one side byan inwardly-extending air-passage, and a central cylinder attached thereto and similarly interrupted on one side forming the inner wall of the wick chamber, with a tube forming the outer wall of the wick-chamber and flaring at its lower end to fit over the upwardly-extending cylinder upon the lower threaded section, and an outer base-section consisting of a cylindrical section of larger diameter than said cylinder upon the lower threaded section and screwing upon the upper threads thereof, said cylinder having draft-openings therein, and an inwardly-projecting flange at the upper end of this cylinder engaging the upper surface of the flaring base of the tube forming the outer wall'of the wick-chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a lamp-burner, the combination of a hollow circular section screw-threaded upon the upper and lower ends and adapted to screw into the lamp-fount, having also a hollow cylinder of slightly-reduced diameter extending upward above the upper screw-threads and interrupted at one side by an inwardly-extending air-passage, and a central cylinder attached thereto and similarly interrupted on one side forming the inner Wall of the wickchamber, with atube forming the outer wall of the wick-chamber'and flaring at its lower end to fit over the upwardly-extending cylinder upon the lower thread-section, an outer base-section consistin g of a cylindrical section of larger diameter than said cylinder upon the lower threaded section and screwing upon the upper threads thereof, said cylinder having draft-openings therein, an inwardly-projecting flange at the upper end of this cylinder engaging the upper surface of the flaring base of the tube vforming the outer wall of the wickchamber, an outwardly-projecting flange attached to the same part having draft-openings, and a chimney-supporting base carried on said lastflange and provided with draftopenings, substantially as described.

3. In a lamp-burner, the combination of a hollow circular section screw-threaded upon the upper and lower ends and adapted to screw into the lamp-fount, having also a hollow cylinder of slightly-reduced diameter extending upward above the upper screw-threads and interrupted at one side by an inwardly-extending air-passage, and a central cylinder attached thereto and similarly interrupted on one side forming the inner wall of the wickchamber, with a tube forming the outer wall of the wick-chamber and flaring at its lower end to fit over the upwardly-extending cylinder upon the lower threaded section, an outer base section consisting of a cylindrical section of larger diameter than said cylinder upon the lower threaded section and screwing upon the ILLIAM A. sMITI-I.

Witnesses:

H. L.-REYNOLDS,. JAMES M. HENLEY. 

